Russia: list of NGOs named “foreign agents” (updated 20 September)

About 80 Russian NGOs are found to be “foreign agents” as the result of inspections conducted by the authorities of the country. Here is a summary of administrative cases against and official warnings to organisations that are found to be breaking the “foreign agents” law, compiled by the International Youth Human Rights Movement.

Administrative cases (9 NGOs):

If the court finds them guilty of failure to register as a “foreign agent”, NGOs may be fined up to 500,000 rubles (about $16,000) and their leaders – up to 300,000 rubles (about $9,500).

• “Golos” Association – protocol by the Ministry of Justice of 9 April  – the group drafted and promoted a unified Electoral Code and allegedly received prize money of the Andrey Sakharov Freedom Award from the Norwegian Helsinki Committee. Golos was found guilty and fined 300,000 roubles (its leader – 100,000 roubles) by the Presnenskiy court of Moscow on 25 April. The appeals court upheld the decision; the activities of the Association was suspended for 6 months by the order of the Ministry of Justice on 25 June. "Golos" appealed against the suspension on 15 July;
• Kostroma Centre for Public Initiatives Support – protocol by the Kostroma regional prosecutor’s office of 15 April; the group conducted a roundtable on US–Russia relations attended by a US embassy representative. The Centre was found guilty and fined 300,000 rubles (its leader – 100,000 rubles) on 29 May and appealed against the court decision; the appeals court upheld the decision on 12 August, the group filed a complaint with the Constitutional Court on 13 August;
• Anti-Discrimination Center “Memorial” – protocol by the Admiralteyskiy district of St. Petersburg prosecutor’s office of 30 April; court hearings pending – the group gets foreign funding and published a report on police abuse of Roma, migrants and civil activists, which was presented to the UN Committee against Torture. The court returned the case to the prosecutor’s office as unsubstantiated; the prosecutor’s office protested the court’s ruling, but higher courts dismissed the protest; on 12 July the prosecutor’s office filed a civil law suit against the group seeking to make it register as a “foreign agent”, court hearings started on 5 August, but were postponed until 23 September;
• “Coming Out” LGBT organization – protocol by the Central district of St. Petersburg prosecutor’s office of 30 April; the group receives foreign funding and held a silent rally using the slogans “We are for traditional values: love, family, respect of human dignity” (organized by independent activists), organized a campaign against the adoption of the ban on “homosexual propaganda” in St. Petersburg (notably, the campaign was conducted before the “foreign agents” law came into effect), and published a brochure “Discrimination of LGBT Individuals: What, How and Why?”. The court found the organisation guilty and fined 500,000 rubles; the group's director was also fined 300,000 rubles on 25 June. The ruling to fine the group’s director also vacated by the appeals court on 14 August 14th and the case against her closed;
• “Side by Side” LGBT film festival – protocol by the Central district of St. Petersburg prosecutor’s office of 6 May; court hearings pending; the group published a brochure “International LGBT Movement: from Local Practices to Global Politics” and participated in a public awareness-raising campaign “Let’s Stop the Homophobic Bill Together” (conducted in 2011). The festival was found guilty and fined 500,000 rubles on 6 June; court hearings on the case against the group’s director are pending – the group appealed the court ruling, but on 26 July the appeals court upheld the decision, though reducing the size of the fine to 400,000 rubles. The ruling entered into force on 26 July; the group's director was also found guilty by the court on 9 August and fined 300,000 rubles;
• Regional public association in defense of democratic rights and freedoms “Golos” – protocol by the Ministry of Justice of 13 May; in December 2012 the group allegedly received foreign funding of more than 4 million rubles in total, and up to the moment it implements the project “Raising transparency of the Russian electoral process by discussing and promoting a unified Electoral Code”. The assciation was found guilty and fined 300,000 rubles (its leader – 100,000 rubles) by the Basmanny court of Moscow on 4 June. The group appealed against the ruling, the court hearings started on 7 August, but were then postponed until 17 September;
• Center for Civic Analysis and Independent Research / GRANI (Perm) – protocol by the Perm regional prosecutor’s office of 6 June states the organisation received 751,000 rubles of foreign funding in 2013 and "is shaping public opinion on state policies". In 2013 the group published the results of the study “Russian non-political activism”, conducted in 2012 under a project funded by the C.S. Mott Foundation. In December 2012 the group submitted proposals to the regional Legislative Assembly for amendments to the draft law on support of socially-oriented NGOs in the Perm Region and in January 2013 its leader took part in a roundtable organized by the Perm Legislative Assembly, which discussed this draft and recommended amendments to it. Court hearings started on 5 July, but were postponed until 17 July, when the court dropped the case; The prosecutor’s office appealed to overturn the court ruling on 25 July, but on14 August the appeals court upheld it;
• Perm Civic Chamber – protocol by the Perm regional prosecutor’s office of 28 June stated group’s work is mostly financed from foreign sources and it is a partner in the project “Protection of the Right to Information in the Perm Region” implemented by the Perm Regional Human Rights Center and financed by the UN Democracy Fund. According to the prosecutors, "its members shape public opinion on state policies by publishing materials, which are available to a wide audience on the Internet" (e.g. the news on withdrawal from the Political Council of the Perm region’s governor published on the Internet in February 2013 by the group’s member Igor Averkiev, which contained criticism of this body’s activity). At the hearing held on 17 July the court dropped the case. The prosecutor’s office appealed to overturn the court ruling on 25 July, but on 5 September the appeals court upheld it;
• Perm Regional Human Rights Center – protocol by the Perm regional prosecutor’s office of 2 July stated the group’s activity is mostly financed from foreign sources: in 2010-2012 it received 5.6 million rubles from international and foreign organizations for various projects. In January 2013 it received a donation from the UN Democracy Fund for the project “Protection of the Right to Information in the Perm Region,” aimed at improving transparency of state and municipal authorities. According to the prosecutors, "its members shape public opinion on state policies by publishing material that is available to a wide audience on the Internet (e.g. a book “Perm at a Crossroads: The Little Man in the Stream of Reform” published by the group in March 2013, and articles “Perm under the reformers’ bombardment” and “Komi-Permyaks – look from the abyss”). At the hearing held on 18 July the court dropped the case. The prosecutor’s office appealed to overturn the court ruling in late July, but on 23 August the appeals court upheld it.

Notices of violations (18 NGOs)

Groups are to “eliminate violations” (failure to register as a “foreign agent”) within a given term (one month).

• Yaroslavl regional hunters’ and fishermen society – 16 April for charter provisions;
• Foundation for Social and Legal Assistance "Sphere" (St. Petersburg) – warned on 20 April, as the group supports the activities of Russia’s LGBT Network, a leading Russian group of activists fighting discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation. On June 6th, during the court hearing on the group’s challenge of the inspection conducted in spring this year, representatives of the prosecutor’s office claimed that on 20 April they issued a notice of violations to the group requiring it to register as a “foreign agent.” The group stated that they neither received any such notice, nor were they aware of it;
• Center for Civic Analysis and Independent Research / GRANI (Perm) – 22 April; the group’s governing bodies accused of non-complience with requests from prosecutors’. The case referred to court for alleged persistent refusal by the group to comply with the “foreign agents” law on 6 June, but the hearings have been postponed until the ruling on the administrative case against the group is delivered;
• “Baikal Environmental Wave” (Irkutsk) – 23 April – the group carries out “active advocacy on environmental issues”; the group filed a written objection to the notice with the prosecutor’s office, but on 18 July the prosecutor’s office upheld it; the group then lodged a judicial appeal to a court. The court hearings started on 9 September, but were postponed until 16 October;
• Center for Social Policy and Gender Studies (Saratov) – notified 24 April; both the group’s statute provisions and its current work relate to “political activities”. In April 2013 the NGO, which receives foreign funding, organized an event “Review of the social policy in the post-Soviet area: ideologies, actors and cultures” and published a book “Critical Analysis of the Social Policy in the post-Soviet area,” thereby "aiming to influence public opinion";
• Perm Civic Chamber – 25 April – the group publicly declared that it will not implement the prosecutor’s orders; case referred to court for alleged persistent refusal by the group to comply with the “foreign agents” law on June 28 (for details, please see Section 1). The organisation challenged the notice of violations and lodged a judicial appeal; court hearings started on 16 July, but were postponed until the ruling on the administrative case against the group is delivered;
• Perm Regional Human Rights Center – 25 April – the group’s governing bodies ruled not to implement the prosecutor’s orders. The case was referred to court for alleged persistent refusal by the group to comply with the “foreign agents” law on 2 July (for details, please see Section 1). The organisation challenged the notice of violations and lodged a judicial appeal; court hearings started on 18 July, but were postponed until the ruling on the administrative case against the group is delivered;
• Information and Human Rights Center (Yekaterinburg) – notified 26 April; the group receives foreign funding and participates in “political activities” through carrying out projects aimed at “overcoming totalitarian stereotypes by influencing public opinion with awareness-raising activities, facilitating the establishment of the rule of law by informing citizens about constitutional norms, ensuring the priority of individual rights in state practices and public life by remembrance of terror victims in the past and defending the rights of citizens in the present, as well as countering violent, unlawful, totalitarian ways of ruling the state by organizing public events (rallies, exhibitions, etc.)”. Also, in September 2012, the NGO conducted a roundtable on the rights of conscripts and military servicemen, addressing a set of recommendations to the Ministry of Defense and the government and therefore trying to influence governmental policies in this area;
• Regional Public Association in Defense of Democratic Rights and Freedoms “Golos” (Moscow) – 26 April – the organisation appealed the notice to a court on 27 May. Court hearings were scheduled for 25 June, but then postponed twice. On 10 July the court upheld the notice; the Ministry of Justice opened an administrative case against the group before the expiration of a one-month period given by the prosecutor to “eliminate the violations” listed in the notice (for details, please see Section 1);
• Human Rights Center “Memorial” – 29 April – group’s goals listed in the charter; carries out programs and projects on monitoring politically motivated administrative detentions and criminal persecutions, including “OVD-info”. The organisation appealed against the notice on 28 May; court hearings have been postponed twice until 13 September;
• “Women of Don” (Novocherkassk) – 29 April – after the law on “foreign agents” entered into force, the group received foreign funding and “carried out activities aimed at shaping public opinion and influencing decision-making by the authorities through conducting events with public participation, publishing propaganda information materials online, as well as [doing so] in the course of private meetings with imprisoned individuals”. Thus, the group published on its website policy proposals on police reform and conclusions on the ineffectiveness of current state policy in this field. In April 2013, the NGO organized an inter-regional seminar attended by the media, the participants of which declared a detention of an NGO leader in Krasnodar unlawful, opened for signing a petition in his support, and addressed an appeal to the Russian President, as well as “expressed negative attitudes regarding the activities of state authorities and highlighted the necessity to solve problems [independently] without appealing to competent governmental agencies.” Also, in April 2013 the prosecutor’s office received a letter from an imprisoned individual, who stated that while meeting with him in her capacity of the Public Oversight Commission member, the group’s leader “called him for active actions in support of the group’s activities on changing the legislation regulating the penitentiary system”;
• Center for Support of Democratic Youth Initiatives / Youth “Memorial” (Perm) – notified on 29 April; the group’s statute objectives include defending the political rights of youth. The organization aspires to influence public opinion with regard to governmental policies and receives funding from the US-based National Endowment for Democracy (NED) for a project aimed at “developing democratic activism among Russian youth”. The NGO also implements a project on human rights education funded by the Germany-based “Remembrance. Responsibility. Future” Foundation (EVZ) and published a collection of articles expressing political views of the project’s participants. According to the prosecutor’s office, both donor institutions “define their objective as influencing political processes worldwide.” Moreover, in 2012 the group conducted activities aimed at monitoring rights violations in the military and providing direct assistance to conscripts and military servicemen who suffered abuse. The authorities insist the very fact that the organization is well-known for promoting of alternative civil service proves that its work relates to “political activities”. The group appealed against the notice to a court; the court hearings started on 6 August, but were postponed until 14 October;
• “AGORA” human rights association – 30 April – the group implements a project on Internet freedom funded by the Internews, which supports “the activities of lawyers capable of influencing policy and law enforcement practice” and aims at “forcing the adoption of regulations setting administrative procedures of implementing the law on Internet blacklists by the government and Roskomnadzor”; the group is also accredited by the Ministry of Justice as an independent expert having powers to conduct anti-corruption evaluation of legal acts and their drafts;
• “Panorama” Center – 6 May – the group implements a foreign-funded research project analyzing political processes in Russia, which includes roundtables and discussions and publishing information on the websites that shapes public opinion on the drawbacks of acting legislation and the protest movement;
• “Lawyers for Constitutional Rights and Freedoms” / JURIX (Moscow) – notified on 7 May; the group’s statute provides for carrying out various activities “in the field of law and public policy” and it receives foreign funding. The group’s staff members also participated in the advocacy campaign against the adoption of the St. Petersburg regional law banning “homosexual propaganda” by preparing the legal experts’ opinion on the bill and taking part in public hearings at the Legislative Assembly of St. Petersburg and TV debates on the issue; the group has filed a written objection to the notice with the prosecutor’s office, but on 7 August the prosecutor’s office upheld it;
• Independent Council of Legal Expertise / NEPS (Moscow) – notified on 6 May as the group's work is related to “political activities” and it should register as a “foreign agent” NGO;
• “Public Verdict” Foundation (Moscow) – notified on 8 May; the group starting from 2011 and up to the moment carries out political activities, which are mostly financed from foreign sources. In the view of the prosecutor’s office, the group’s activity “is aimed at interfering into the state policy in the field of law enforcement by lobbying proposals for changing it, at shaping public opinion on the necessity of changing the law enforcement policy carried out by the authorities, and gaining public support for its actions for exercising greater influence on the authorities”. The prosecutors consider the following actions as examples of the group’s “political activities”: “involving society in discussing the reform of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, monitoring citizens’ rights observance while conducting public events, organizing legal assistance to those accused under the “Bolotnaya case”, preparing and coordinating the work on drafting the alternative NGO report to the UN Committee against Torture”, “recommendations to protest participants on behavior at the rallies” and “organizing and supporting campaigns of appeals to state authorities”;
• Moscow School of Political Studies – notified on 29 May as the group's work is related to “political activities” and therefore it must register as a “foreign agent”.

Warnings about inadmissibility of violations (41 NGOs):

Groups are warned of a need to register as a “foreign agent” before they plan to carry out “political activities” or to receive foreign funding in the future.

• Kostroma Soldiers’ Mothers Committee – warned on 16 April for involvement in election observation in December 2011 and March 2012;
• Democratic Center (Voronezh) – warned on 22 April for involvement in election observation in December 2011; the group appealed the warning, but on 19 July the local court upheld it;
• Volgograd Center for NGO Support – warned on 22 April; the group implements a public diplomacy project “Information Center on International Security” funded by the NATO information bureau, which has among its goals “information support to activities of the regional branches of political parties, representatives of the authorities, civil society institutions on topical issues of international relations and international security”;
• Interregional Committee against Torture – warned on 22 April for “taking part in public events, which may be regarded as political activity” before November 2012;
• “Man and Law” (Yoshkar-Ola) – warned on 24 April 24; their charter says that the group’s staff “may take part in public events, meetings and rallies” and their website says the organization can work to  “facilitates the observance of human rights by representatives of the state authorities”;
• Institute of Press Development – Siberia (Novosibirsk) – warned on 24 April; their charter says that one of the group’s goals is “assistance to civil society development in Russia and strengthening democratic principles in the life of Russian society” and lists several types of public activities which the group may carry out to achieve it; the group appealed against the warning, but on 10 June a local court upheld it; the group appealed against the court’s decision, but on 12 September the appeals court upheld it;
• “Assistance to cystic fibrosis patients” (Istra, Moscow region) – warned on 24 April; their charter says that the group’s goal is “defending the rights and legal interests of cystic fibrosis patients in the state authorities” and for achieving this goal the group “may come up with initiatives on various public life issues, submit proposals to the state authorities, represent and defend its rights, the legal interests of its members as well as other citizens in the state and municipal authorities”; the warning revoked on 30 April;
• Amur Social-Ecologic Union (Blagoveshchensk) – warned on 24 April; their charter says that one of the group’s goals is “assistance to the state, citizens and their associations in the activities aimed at preserving and restoring natural and cultural heritage, and sanitation of the environment” and lists several types of public activities which the group may carry out to achieve it; the group filed a written objection to the warning, but on 27 May the prosecutor’s office upheld it;
• Amur Environmental Club “Ulukitkan” (Blagoveshchensk) – warned on 24 April; the group’s charter has a provision on “the right to participate in decision making by the state authorities” and it received foreign funding in 2011 for conducting journalists’ competition dedicated to the 25th anniversary of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster; the group appealed against the warning, but on 4 June a local court upheld it; the group appealed against the court’s decision, but on 12 August the appeals court upheld it;
• “Phoenix” Foundation (Vladivostok) – warned on 24 April as the group’s statute provides for its possible participation in “political activity” – the group challenged the warning, and the prosecutor’s office revoked it on 4 June;
• Ryazan’ “Memorial” Society – warned on 24 April for the goals and types of activity listed in their charter; the group appealed against the warning to a court, the hearings are scheduled for 19 September;
• Movement “For Fair Elections” (Kurgan) – warned on 24 April, because it received foreign funding before the “foreign agents” law came into effect and may carry out “political activities” – the group appealed against the warning, which closed the case on 27 May; the prosecutor’s office appealed to overturn the court decision, but on 28 August the appeals court upheld it;
• MASHR (Ingushetia) – warned on 24 April; some of the group’s statute provisions relate to “political activity” – the group appealed against the warning to a court, which reversed the decision on 9 July;
• Saami’s public association of the Murmansk region / OOSMO – warned on 24 April; the group receives foreign funding and some of the provisions in its statute relate to “political activity”;
• “Golos – Siberia” Foundation (Novosibirsk) – warned on 24 April as some of the group’s statute provisions relate to “political activity”, and in 2012 it received funding from the Foundation for Support of Democracy “Golos”, which is a recognized recipient of foreign funding;
• “Golos – Urals” Foundation (Chelyabinsk) – warned on 25 April for charter provisions;
• “Golos – Volga region” Foundation (Samara) – warned on 26 April, though the warning was received by the group’s director only on 2 July; some of the group’s statutory objectives relate to “political activity” and in 2012 the group received funding from the Foundation for Support of Democracy “Golos”, which the prosecutor’s office recognizes as a recipient of foreign funding; the group appealed against the warning to a court, but on 29 August the court dismissed the group’s appeal and upheld the warning;
• “Citizens’ Watch” (St. Petersburg) – warned on 26 April as the group “conducts public events, including seminars, publishes materials in the mass media”;
• Center for NGO Development (St. Petersburg) – warned on 26 April; the group receives foreign funding and some of the provisions in its statute relate to “political activity.” Besides, the group conducts “public events, including workshops, roundtables and trainings, and publishes literature in mass media”;
• Urals Democratic Foundation – warned on 25 April for receiving of foreign funding;
• Urals Human Rights Group – warned on 25 April for receiving of foreign funding;
• Regional Press Institute (St. Petersburg) – warned on 26 April; the group held “public events, including workshops, and published literature in mass media”;
• Center “Transparency International – R” – warned on 26 April; both the goals set in the charter and its actual activities prove that it participates in shaping public opinion on state policies in law enforcement and other fields and influences the decision-making of Russian state authorities, including the adoption of legal acts; the group appealed against the warning; court hearings were postponed until 9 August, when the court dismissed the group’s appeal and upheld the warning;
• Center for Independent Sociological Research (St. Petersburg) – warned on 26 April; the group receives foreign funding, and, according to its charter, it “conducts sociological research, organizes events in the field of social science, and publishes academic literature”, which may be considered as “political activity”;
• Center for Independent Social Research and Education (Irkutsk) – warned on 26 April; the group receives foreign funding, and some of its statutory provisions relate to “political activity”;
• Komi human rights commission “Memorial” – warned on 27 April as “group’s members in 2011-2012 participated in public and political actions, including protest ones, aimed at influencing the decision-making by state authorities”;
• Kirov regional hunters’ and fishermen society – warned on 29 April for their charter provisions;
• Muraviovka Park of Sustainable Development – warned on 30 April; protection and research of birds are considered to be “political activity” because of a grant the park received from the International Crane Foundation; the group appealed against the warning to a court, but it upheld the warning;
• “Nature and Youth” (Murmansk) – warned on 30 April, because the group’s charter provides for “participation in creating legislative framework at the regional level”;
• “International Standard” Foundation (Ufa) – warned on 6 May; in 2010-2012 the group received funding from the European Commission and the US Embassy for the projects titled “Improving security culture of human rights NGOs” and “Democracy lessons for local communities: Awareness-raising and practical skills for local housing committees.” The organization conducted a series of workshops, published relevant print materials and made a film on security for civic activists. In the view of the prosecutor’s office, the group therefore participates in shaping public opinion on state policies. At the same time, one of the group’s founders promoted one of the candidates in the 2012 local elections;
• Centre for Democracy Development and Human Rights (Moscow) – warned on 8 May; the group’s charter provisions and projects have traits of “political activity” as regards both interaction with the authorities and shaping public opinion;
• Journalism Advancement and Support Center (Moscow) – warned on 8 May; the group received foreign funding in 2012 and has an official Facebook page, where it posts links to publications in other media sources, including analytic materials and information that discusses state policies and the activities of the state authorities. The content of these publications is aimed at shaping public opinion about state policies and, therefore, the group’s work may relate to “political activity”;
• Levada Centre (Moscow) – warned on 15 May; the opinion polls organisation group receives foreign funding in the form of grant and service contracts and issues two periodic publications, which are disseminated free of charge in print version and brought to public attention online. These publications contain articles on “the country’s most important political processes” and in addition to quoting the results of opinion polls, also contain individual views of the authors on political issues. Moreover, the group regularly issues press-statements on major political issues, organizes jointly with the International Memorial Society a series of public seminars on social and political issues related to democratization and overcoming totalitarian past, and conducts research on elections (including elections to the State Duma in December 2011);
• Foundation for Assistance to Public Opinion Research (Moscow) – warned in mid-May – the group (a daughter-organization to Russia’s most prominent polling agency, All-Russian Center for Public Opinion Research – VTsIOM) received foreign funding and published research findings relevant to political process in the country;
• Regional Public Foundation “INDEM” (Moscow) – warned in May; the group carries out research on a wide range of social, political, and economic issues, publishes research-based reports and briefing papers, and holds conferences and other public events, which may constitute “political activity”;
• Center for Interethnic Cooperation (Moscow) – warned in May; the group receives foreign funding and conducts conferences and seminars for officials and law enforcement officers on harmonizing interethnic relations, which may influence the decisions made by the authorities;
• Center for Social and Educational Initiatives (Izhevsk) – warned on 6 May; the group received foreign funding in 2010-2011 and, according to its charter, has a right to participate in the process of making decisions by the state and municipal authorities and to hold public rallies. These provisions, in the opinion of the prosecutors’ office, give the group “an opportunity to carry out political activities”;
• Phoenix PLUS (Orel) – warned on 30 May; the group, which is active in the field of HIV/AIDS prevention, received foreign funding and its statute provides for “participation, in accordance with the Russian legislation, in elections and referendums”;
• Environmental Watch of the North Caucasus (Maykop) – warned on 29 April, though the warning was received by the group’s director only on 20 July; the group’s statute “in fact declares its participation in political activity”, as it lists the following goals: “directly influencing government policies at all levels, including countering corruption among executive authorities, courts, environmental and law enforcement bodies, facilitating the improvement of legislation and taking measures to preserve the existing standards in the sphere of environmental protection, as well as defense of citizens’ rights and freedoms”. The group may also stage rallies, demonstrations and other public events against environmental degradation and the cruel treatment of animals. At the same time, it received grants from foreign foundations;
• Foundation for Freedom of Information (St. Petersburg) – warned on 11 July; the group is shaping public opinion, as it advocates for expansion of access to information on the work of state authorities in order to influence decision-making by government officials, publishes information in various Internet sources, and launched a special website which serves as a platform for submitting proposals to the National Action Plan on solving specific issues related to openness of the system of state governance. The group conducts monitoring of informational openness of the official websites of state authorities, publishes its findings and recommendations, and proposes relevant amendments to Russia’s legislation. The group’s staff members actively participate in Russian and international events on freedom of information. The group litigates strategically important cases relevant to official information access. At the same time, the group has been accepting foreign funding, including after the law on “foreign agents” came into effect;
• Maximum (Murmansk) – warned on 18 July; the group, which provides social, psychological and legal assistance to the LGBT community, received foreign funding in 2012 and its director organized public actions to raise awareness of discrimination on the grounds of gender, race, religion and ethnicity. As an example of such actions the prosecutor’s office cited a rally held in May 2013, which aimed at “expressing and shaping opinions on the issues of hatred and homophobia in the society”.

11 more environmental groups were warned as “foreign agents” (no further details available):

• “For the Nature” (Chelyabinsk);
• “Green Home” (Khabarovsk);
• Siberian Environmental Center (Novosibirsk);
• “SPOK” (Petrozavodsk);
• Kola Environmental Center (Murmansk);
• Kola Center for Wild Nature Defense (Murmansk);
• Apatity Environmental Center (Murmansk region);
• School of Soul Ecology “Tengri” (Gorno-Altaisk);
• Protected Natural Areas Association of the Altay Republic (Gorno-Altaisk);
• Center for Environmental Awareness-raising of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) “Eyge” (Yakutsk);
• Youth Foundation “Renaissance of the Siberian Land” (Irkutsk).